Yoshimoto, J., Cano, E.B., Orellana, S. (2018). Insectos de Guatemala: Guía de Identificación. Segunda Edición. Universidad del Valle de Guatemala y Museo de Historia Natural USAC: Guatemala. ISBN: 978-9929-720-06-0.
Description.Head. Anterior border of labrum almost straight, slightly concave, or slightly bisinuate. Clypeus declivous, anterior border thin with anterior angles rounded and little developed. External tubercles lacking. Frontoclypeal suture between internal tubercles lacking (except partially present in P. jicaquei and some specimens of P. mniszechi from eastern Sierra de los Cuchumatanes). Frontal fossae glabrous, frontal ridges lightly present or absent, internal tubercles present and rounded. Median frontal structure (MFS) of "marginatus" type (Reyes-Castillo 1970). Supraorbital ridges swollen, eyes reduced. Ligula unidentate, often eroded in old specimens. Mentum lobes with lateral depressions poorly marked. Hypostomal process wide, separated from labium. Apex of mandibles bidentate, internal teeth of equal size on each mandible, with the basal teeth larger and bidentate. In mature specimens, the basal teeth often worn, appearing as tubercles at the base of anterior tooth. Antennal lamellae wide, width of segment more than 4 times length (see figure 22 in Reyes-Castillo 1970). Thorax: Pronotum large quadrate, more than 1/2 the length of the elytra; anterior corners right-angled; marginal groove narrow, impunctate; lateral fossae marked with few to no setae. Scutellum with small punctate setae. Prosternal process rhomboidal. Mesosternum without lateral depressions. Mesepimera pubescent. Metasternal disk delimited partially or totally by setose punctation; marginal groove weak, narrow, almost linear. Elytra. Humeri pubescent, epipleura glabrous or pubescent extremely anteriorly. Striae notable with fine to moderate punctation. Interstriae always wider than striae. Elytra oval, strongly interlocked along interfacing edge. Wings: Reduced and coriaceous. Legs. Tarsi short. Ventral face of profemur with marginal groove anteriorly. Apical spur of protibia with sharp point slightly directed down. Longitudinal dorsal ridge of mesotibia low and hair brush not dense. Mesotibiae and metatibiae with small spine or spines on external border. Abdomen. Marginal groove of last sternite complete.